|
Z5 ''Paul Jacobi'' was a built for the ''Kriegsmarine'' in the mid-1930s. The ship was being refitted when World War II began on 1 September 1939 and was tasked to inspect neutral shipping for contraband goods in the Kattegat until early 1940. She participated in the early stages of the Norwegian Campaign by transporting troops to the Trondheim area in early April 1940 and was transferred to France later that year where she made several attacks on British shipping. ''Paul Jacobi'' spent most of 1941 under repair and returned to France in early 1942 to successfully escort two German battleships and a heavy cruiser home through the English Channel (the Channel Dash). The following month, the ship helped to escort another German battleship to northern Norway and returned in May to begin another lengthy refit. ''Paul Jacobi'' spent most of 1943 inactive in the Arctic before returning to Germany in September for another refit. She was badly damaged by Allied air attacks on Kiel and was not operational again until late 1944. She spent most of the rest of the war escorting ships as the Germans evacuated East Prussia and bombarding Soviet forces. The ship was captured by the Allies in May 1945 and spent the rest of the year under British control as the Allies decided how to dispose of the captured German ships. ''Paul Jacobi'' was ultimately allotted to France in early 1946 and renamed ''Desaix''. She became operational later that year, but her service with the French Navy was fairly brief, with only cruises to French colonies in Africa during 1947 of note before she was paid off in late 1948 and placed in reserve in early 1949. The ship was used as a source of spare parts of the other ex-German ships in French service until she was condemned and sold for scrap in 1954. ==Design and description== ''Z5 Paul Jacobi'' had an overall length of and was long at the waterline. At some point before September 1939, her stem was lengthened, which increased her overall length to . The ship had a beam of , and a maximum draft of . She displaced at standard load and at deep load. The two Wagner geared steam turbine sets, each driving one propeller shaft, were designed to produce using steam provided by six high-pressure Wagner boilers. The ship had a designed speed of , but her maximum speed was .〔Gröner, p. 199〕 ''Paul Jacobi'' carried a maximum of of fuel oil which was intended to give a range of at a speed of , but the ship proved top-heavy in service and 30% of the fuel had to be retained as ballast low in the ship.〔Whitley, p. 18〕 The effective range proved to be only at 19 knots.〔Koop & Schmolke, p. 26〕 The crew numbered 10 officers and 315 enlisted men, plus an additional four officers and 19 enlisted men if serving as a flotilla flagship.〔 The ship carried five in single mounts with gun shields, two each superimposed, fore and aft. The fifth gun was carried on top of the aft superstructure. Her anti-aircraft armament consisted of four guns in two twin mounts abreast the rear funnel and six guns in single mounts. ''Paul Jacobi'' carried eight above-water torpedo tubes in two power-operated mounts.〔 Four depth charge throwers were mounted on the sides of the rear deckhouse and they were supplemented by six racks for individual depth charges on the sides of the stern. Enough depth charges were carried for either two or four patterns of 16 charges each.〔Whitley, p. 215〕 Mine rails could be fitted on the rear deck that had a maximum capacity of 60 mines.〔 A system of passive hydrophones designated as 'GHG' (''Gruppenhorchgerät'') was fitted to detect submarines.〔Whitley, pp. 71–72〕 An active sonar system was probably installed by the end of 1940, but it is uncertain when it was actually done. During the war, the ship's light anti-aircraft armament was augmented several times. Improved 2 cm C/38 guns replaced the original C/30 guns and three additional guns were added sometime in 1941. The two guns on the aft shelter deck were replaced by a single 2 cm quadruple ''Flakvierling'' mount, probably during her mid-1942 refit. During 1944–45, ''Paul Jacobi'' was one of the few destroyers to receive the full "Barbara" anti-aircraft refit in which all of her existing 3.7 cm and most of her 2 cm guns were replaced with improved models in greater numbers. The fifth 12.7 cm gun was removed to compensate for the weight of the additional weapons. She retained her ''Flakvierling'' mount and, by the end of the war, the rest of her anti-aircraft armament consisted of four twin and two single 3.7 cm SK M/42 mounts, four twin and one single 2 cm mounts on the forecastle and sides of the bridge.〔Whitley, pp. 73–74〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「German destroyer Z5 Paul Jacobi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|